Research Article
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A Comparison of Left and Right Leg Static Balance Parameters in Young Handball Players

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 365 - 373, 31.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1059392

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare left and right leg balance parameters in young female handball players.
Methods: 13 athletes (age: 15.07±0.19 years, height: 162.23±5.70 cm, weight: 57.38±4.39 kg, BMI 21.92±0.23 kg/m², training age: 4.23±1.36 years) volunteered for the study. Normality test of the data was done using Shapiro-Wilk test, and variation homogeneity was tested using Levene’s Test of Homogeneity of Variance. When the data showed non-parametric characteristics, Mann Whitney U-Test was used; when it was parametric, Independent Sample Test was used. SPSS 17 Software was used for statistical analysis, and the significance was determined as p≤0.05.
Results: The results showed that when mean speed of left and right leg forward-backward velocity of the athletes was analysed, a significant difference was found in favour of the right leg (p≤0.05). Furthermore, a significant difference was found in favour of the right leg between means of the left and right leg perimeter of the athletes (p≤0.05). However, there found no difference between means of the left and right leg lateral velocity and ellipsis area of the athletes (p≥0.05).
Conclusion: These results may show that due to the training ages of the athletes (4 years), branches of the athletes did not affect the results and their improvement were still in progress. It could also be due to the dominant leg of all the athletes being their right leg and/or due to the differences in their leg strength. The most important limitation of this study could be the fact that leg strength values were not included in the study. Generally, in handball, when the dominant arm of the athlete is their right, the leg at the opposite side is the one used for jumping. Nevertheless, in individual leg balance tests done with both legs, it is expected there be no difference between the values. For these differences not to cause any sport injuries and not to negatively affect the technical move performances, it is advised that coaches have lower extremity strength and balance exercises symmetrically done.

References

  • 1. Emery CA, Cassidy JD, Klassen TP, Rosychuk R J, & Rowe BH. Effectiveness of a home-based balance-training program in reducing sports-related injuries among healthy adolescents: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Cmaj. 2005; 172(6); 749-754.
  • 2. Radebold A, Cholewicki J, Polzhofer GK & Greene HS. Impaired postural control of the lumbar spine is associated with delayed muscle response times in patients with chronic idiopathic low back pain. Spine Journal. 2001; 26(7): 724-730.
  • 3. Harringe ML, Halvorsen K, Renström P & Werner S. Postural control measured as the center of pressure excursion in young female gymnasts with low back pain or lower extremity injury. Gait & posture. 2008; 28(1): 38-45.
  • 4. Erkmen N, Suveren S, Göktepe AS, & Yazıcıoğlu K. Farkli branşlardaki sporcuların denge performanslarının karşılaştırılması. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2007: 5(3); 115-122.
  • 5. Suveren Erdoğan C. Okul öncesi eğitim alan çocuklarda denge ve koordinasyon çalışmalarının bazı motorik özellikler üzerine etkisi. Ankara: Gazi Publising House: 2018.
  • 6. Massion J. Postural control system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology. 1994; 4(6): 877-887.
  • 7. Şimşek D & Ertan H. Postural kontrol ve spor: spor branşlarına yönelik postural sensör-motor stratejiler ve postural salınım. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2011; 9(3): 81-90.
  • 8. Gardner EP, Martin JH & Jessell TM. Chapter 22: The bodily senses. Principles of Neural Science. 4th. New York: McGraw-Hill. 2000; 430-449
  • 9. Ross SE & Guskiewicz KM. Examination of static and dynamic postural stability in individuals with functionally stable and unstable ankles. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 2004; 14(6): 332-338.
  • 10. Deliagina TG, Zelenin PV, Beloozerova IN, & Orlovsky GN. Nervous mechanisms controlling body posture. Physiology & behavior. 2007; 92(1-2): 148-154.
  • 11. Kejonen P. Body movements during postural stabilization. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis) University of Oulu, Oulu. Finland: 2002.
  • 12. Paillard T, Noe F, Riviere T, Marion V, Montaya R & Dupui P. Postural performance and strategy in the unipedal stance of soccer players at different levels of competition. Journal of Athletic Training. 2006; 41(2): 172-176.
  • 13. De Oliveira CB, de Medeiros ÍRT, Ferreira NA, Greters ME, & Conforto AB. Balance control in hemiparetic stroke patients: main tools for evaluation. Journal of rehabilitation research & development. 2008; 45(8): 1215-1226.
  • 14. İnal HS. Spor Biyomekaniği Temel Prensipler. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Publishing; 2004
  • 15. Muratlı, S. Antrenman Bilimi Yaklaşımıyla Çocuk ve Spor. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Publishing: 2007
  • 16. Leong HT, Fu SN, Ng GY & Tsang WW. Low-level Taekwondo practitioners have better somatosensory organisation in standing balance than sedentary people. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2011; 11(8); 1787-1793.
  • 17. Ferdjallah M, Harris GF, Smith P, & Wertsch JJ. Analysis of postural control synergies during quiet standing in healthy children and children with cerebral palsy. Clinical Biomechanics. 2002; 17(3); 203-210.
  • 18. Lion A, Gauchard GC, Deviterne D & Perrin PP. Differentiated influence of off-road and on-road cycling practice on balance control and the related-neurosensory organization. Journal of electromyography and kinesiology. 2009; 19(4): 623-630.
  • 19. Michalsik LB. Analysis of working demands of Danish handball players. In What's going on in the gym?: Learning, teaching and research in physical education Forlaget Underskoven, 2004; 321-330. 20. Acsinte A, Alexandru E. Physical condition in high performance team handball. EHF WEB Periodical. Vienna: Austuria; 2007.
  • 21. Karadenizli ZI. The Effects of Plyometric Education Trainings on Balance and Some Psychomotor Characteristics of School Handball Team. Universal Journal of Educational Research. 2016; 4(10): 2292-2299.
  • 22. Tamer K. Sporda Fiziksel-Fizyolojik Performansın Ölçülmesi Ve Değerlendirilmesi, Bağırgan Publishing, 48, 2nd Edition, Ankara: 2000.
  • 23. Orchard, J. Is there a relationship between ground and climatic conditions and injuries in football? Sports medicine, 2002; 32(7): 419-432.
  • 24. Rannou F, Prioux J, Zouhal H, Gratas-Delamarche A & Delamarche P. Physiological profile of handball players. Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 2001; 41(3): 349-353.
  • 25. Povoas SC, Seabra AF, Ascensao AA, Magalhaes J, Soares JM & Rebelo AN. Physical and physiological demands of elite team handball. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 2012; 26: 3365-3375.
  • 26. Michalsik LB & Aagaard P. Physical demands in elite team handball: Comparisons between male and female players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2015; 55(9): 878-891.
  • 27. Riemann BL, Myers JB & Lephart SM. Sensorimotor system measurement techniques. Journal of athletic training 2002; 37(1): 85-89.
  • 28. Tsang WW & Hui-Chan CW. Effect of 4-and 8-wk intensive Tai Chi Training on balance control in the elderly. Medicine and science in sports and exercise 2004; 36(4): 648-657.
  • 29. Fong SS, & Ng GY. Does Taekwondo training improve physical fitness?. Physical Therapy in Sport. 2011; 12(2): 100-106.
  • 30. Tekin YS. The examining of balance performance in athletics, wrestling and taekwondo athletes (Master’s Thesis). Selçuk University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Konya: 2016.
  • 31. Gürkan AC. A comparative study of static and dynamic balance in hearing-impaired national basketball and taekwondo sportsmen. International Journal of Academic Research. 2013; 5(3): 124-128
  • 32. Fong SSM, Tsang WWN, & Ng GYF. Practicing taekwondo may improve proprioception, leg strength and balance. International Sport Med Journal. 2013: 14(2); 42–52.
  • 33. Matsuda S, Demura S & Uchiyama M. Centre of pressure sway characteristics during static one-legged stance of athletes from different sports. Journal of sports sciences. 2008; 26(7): 775-779.
  • 34. Vuillerme N & Nougier V. Attentional demand for regulating postural sway: the effect of expertise in gymnastics. Brain Research Bulletin. 2004; 63(2): 161-165.
  • 35. Wagner H, Finkenzeller T, Würth S & Von Duvillard SP. Individual and team performance in team-handball: A review. Journal of sports science & medicine. 2014;13(4): 808-816.
  • 36. Cuğ M, Duncan A, Wikstorm E. Comparative effects of different balance-training-progression styles on postural control and ankle force production: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Athletic Training. 2016; 51(2): 101-110
  • 37. Vuillerme N, Danion F, Marin L, Boyadjian A, Prieur JM, Weise I & Nougier V. The effect of expertise in gymnastics on postural control. Neuroscience letters. 2001; 303(2): 83-86.
  • 38. Saeterbakken AH, Van den Tillaar R & Seiler S. Effect of core stability training on throwing velocity in female handball players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2011; 25(3): 712-718.
  • 39. Canbolat B. Examination of Some Performance Variables That Affect Balance of Taekwondo Athletes (Master's Thesis). Bartın University, Institute of Educational Sciences: Bartın, Turkey. 2017
  • 40. Olmsted LC, Carcia CR, Hertel J & Shultz SJ. Efficacy of the star excursion balance tests in detecting reach deficits in subjects with chronic ankle instability. Journal of athletic training. 2002; 37(4): 501-506.
  • 41. Karadenizli ZI, Erkut AO, Ramazanoğlu N, Uzun S, Çamlıgüney AF, Bozkurt S, Tiryaki Ç, Küçük V, Sirmen B. Comparison of dynamic and static balance in adolescents handball and soccer players. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise. 2014; 16(1): 47-54.
  • 42. Seiler S & Sæterbakken A. A Unique Core Stability Training Program Improves Throwing Velocity in Female High School Athletes. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2008; 40(5): 25.
  • 43. Balter SG, Stokroos RJ, Akkermans E, & Kingma H. Habituation to galvanic vestibular stimulation for analysis of postural control abilities in gymnasts. Neuroscience letters. 2004; 366(1): 71-75.
  • 44. Ashton-Miller, JA, Wojtys, E M, Huston, L J, & Fry-Welch D. Can proprioception really be improved by exercises? Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2019; (3): 128–136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001670100208
Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 365 - 373, 31.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1059392

Abstract

References

  • 1. Emery CA, Cassidy JD, Klassen TP, Rosychuk R J, & Rowe BH. Effectiveness of a home-based balance-training program in reducing sports-related injuries among healthy adolescents: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Cmaj. 2005; 172(6); 749-754.
  • 2. Radebold A, Cholewicki J, Polzhofer GK & Greene HS. Impaired postural control of the lumbar spine is associated with delayed muscle response times in patients with chronic idiopathic low back pain. Spine Journal. 2001; 26(7): 724-730.
  • 3. Harringe ML, Halvorsen K, Renström P & Werner S. Postural control measured as the center of pressure excursion in young female gymnasts with low back pain or lower extremity injury. Gait & posture. 2008; 28(1): 38-45.
  • 4. Erkmen N, Suveren S, Göktepe AS, & Yazıcıoğlu K. Farkli branşlardaki sporcuların denge performanslarının karşılaştırılması. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2007: 5(3); 115-122.
  • 5. Suveren Erdoğan C. Okul öncesi eğitim alan çocuklarda denge ve koordinasyon çalışmalarının bazı motorik özellikler üzerine etkisi. Ankara: Gazi Publising House: 2018.
  • 6. Massion J. Postural control system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology. 1994; 4(6): 877-887.
  • 7. Şimşek D & Ertan H. Postural kontrol ve spor: spor branşlarına yönelik postural sensör-motor stratejiler ve postural salınım. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2011; 9(3): 81-90.
  • 8. Gardner EP, Martin JH & Jessell TM. Chapter 22: The bodily senses. Principles of Neural Science. 4th. New York: McGraw-Hill. 2000; 430-449
  • 9. Ross SE & Guskiewicz KM. Examination of static and dynamic postural stability in individuals with functionally stable and unstable ankles. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 2004; 14(6): 332-338.
  • 10. Deliagina TG, Zelenin PV, Beloozerova IN, & Orlovsky GN. Nervous mechanisms controlling body posture. Physiology & behavior. 2007; 92(1-2): 148-154.
  • 11. Kejonen P. Body movements during postural stabilization. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis) University of Oulu, Oulu. Finland: 2002.
  • 12. Paillard T, Noe F, Riviere T, Marion V, Montaya R & Dupui P. Postural performance and strategy in the unipedal stance of soccer players at different levels of competition. Journal of Athletic Training. 2006; 41(2): 172-176.
  • 13. De Oliveira CB, de Medeiros ÍRT, Ferreira NA, Greters ME, & Conforto AB. Balance control in hemiparetic stroke patients: main tools for evaluation. Journal of rehabilitation research & development. 2008; 45(8): 1215-1226.
  • 14. İnal HS. Spor Biyomekaniği Temel Prensipler. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Publishing; 2004
  • 15. Muratlı, S. Antrenman Bilimi Yaklaşımıyla Çocuk ve Spor. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Publishing: 2007
  • 16. Leong HT, Fu SN, Ng GY & Tsang WW. Low-level Taekwondo practitioners have better somatosensory organisation in standing balance than sedentary people. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2011; 11(8); 1787-1793.
  • 17. Ferdjallah M, Harris GF, Smith P, & Wertsch JJ. Analysis of postural control synergies during quiet standing in healthy children and children with cerebral palsy. Clinical Biomechanics. 2002; 17(3); 203-210.
  • 18. Lion A, Gauchard GC, Deviterne D & Perrin PP. Differentiated influence of off-road and on-road cycling practice on balance control and the related-neurosensory organization. Journal of electromyography and kinesiology. 2009; 19(4): 623-630.
  • 19. Michalsik LB. Analysis of working demands of Danish handball players. In What's going on in the gym?: Learning, teaching and research in physical education Forlaget Underskoven, 2004; 321-330. 20. Acsinte A, Alexandru E. Physical condition in high performance team handball. EHF WEB Periodical. Vienna: Austuria; 2007.
  • 21. Karadenizli ZI. The Effects of Plyometric Education Trainings on Balance and Some Psychomotor Characteristics of School Handball Team. Universal Journal of Educational Research. 2016; 4(10): 2292-2299.
  • 22. Tamer K. Sporda Fiziksel-Fizyolojik Performansın Ölçülmesi Ve Değerlendirilmesi, Bağırgan Publishing, 48, 2nd Edition, Ankara: 2000.
  • 23. Orchard, J. Is there a relationship between ground and climatic conditions and injuries in football? Sports medicine, 2002; 32(7): 419-432.
  • 24. Rannou F, Prioux J, Zouhal H, Gratas-Delamarche A & Delamarche P. Physiological profile of handball players. Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 2001; 41(3): 349-353.
  • 25. Povoas SC, Seabra AF, Ascensao AA, Magalhaes J, Soares JM & Rebelo AN. Physical and physiological demands of elite team handball. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 2012; 26: 3365-3375.
  • 26. Michalsik LB & Aagaard P. Physical demands in elite team handball: Comparisons between male and female players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2015; 55(9): 878-891.
  • 27. Riemann BL, Myers JB & Lephart SM. Sensorimotor system measurement techniques. Journal of athletic training 2002; 37(1): 85-89.
  • 28. Tsang WW & Hui-Chan CW. Effect of 4-and 8-wk intensive Tai Chi Training on balance control in the elderly. Medicine and science in sports and exercise 2004; 36(4): 648-657.
  • 29. Fong SS, & Ng GY. Does Taekwondo training improve physical fitness?. Physical Therapy in Sport. 2011; 12(2): 100-106.
  • 30. Tekin YS. The examining of balance performance in athletics, wrestling and taekwondo athletes (Master’s Thesis). Selçuk University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Konya: 2016.
  • 31. Gürkan AC. A comparative study of static and dynamic balance in hearing-impaired national basketball and taekwondo sportsmen. International Journal of Academic Research. 2013; 5(3): 124-128
  • 32. Fong SSM, Tsang WWN, & Ng GYF. Practicing taekwondo may improve proprioception, leg strength and balance. International Sport Med Journal. 2013: 14(2); 42–52.
  • 33. Matsuda S, Demura S & Uchiyama M. Centre of pressure sway characteristics during static one-legged stance of athletes from different sports. Journal of sports sciences. 2008; 26(7): 775-779.
  • 34. Vuillerme N & Nougier V. Attentional demand for regulating postural sway: the effect of expertise in gymnastics. Brain Research Bulletin. 2004; 63(2): 161-165.
  • 35. Wagner H, Finkenzeller T, Würth S & Von Duvillard SP. Individual and team performance in team-handball: A review. Journal of sports science & medicine. 2014;13(4): 808-816.
  • 36. Cuğ M, Duncan A, Wikstorm E. Comparative effects of different balance-training-progression styles on postural control and ankle force production: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Athletic Training. 2016; 51(2): 101-110
  • 37. Vuillerme N, Danion F, Marin L, Boyadjian A, Prieur JM, Weise I & Nougier V. The effect of expertise in gymnastics on postural control. Neuroscience letters. 2001; 303(2): 83-86.
  • 38. Saeterbakken AH, Van den Tillaar R & Seiler S. Effect of core stability training on throwing velocity in female handball players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2011; 25(3): 712-718.
  • 39. Canbolat B. Examination of Some Performance Variables That Affect Balance of Taekwondo Athletes (Master's Thesis). Bartın University, Institute of Educational Sciences: Bartın, Turkey. 2017
  • 40. Olmsted LC, Carcia CR, Hertel J & Shultz SJ. Efficacy of the star excursion balance tests in detecting reach deficits in subjects with chronic ankle instability. Journal of athletic training. 2002; 37(4): 501-506.
  • 41. Karadenizli ZI, Erkut AO, Ramazanoğlu N, Uzun S, Çamlıgüney AF, Bozkurt S, Tiryaki Ç, Küçük V, Sirmen B. Comparison of dynamic and static balance in adolescents handball and soccer players. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise. 2014; 16(1): 47-54.
  • 42. Seiler S & Sæterbakken A. A Unique Core Stability Training Program Improves Throwing Velocity in Female High School Athletes. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2008; 40(5): 25.
  • 43. Balter SG, Stokroos RJ, Akkermans E, & Kingma H. Habituation to galvanic vestibular stimulation for analysis of postural control abilities in gymnasts. Neuroscience letters. 2004; 366(1): 71-75.
  • 44. Ashton-Miller, JA, Wojtys, E M, Huston, L J, & Fry-Welch D. Can proprioception really be improved by exercises? Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2019; (3): 128–136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001670100208
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Hüseyin Özkamçı 0000-0003-3372-2299

Zeynep İnci Karadenızlı 0000-0002-9159-999X

Raif Zileli 0000-0003-4178-5468

Publication Date May 31, 2022
Submission Date January 18, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Özkamçı, H., Karadenızlı, Z. İ., & Zileli, R. (2022). A Comparison of Left and Right Leg Static Balance Parameters in Young Handball Players. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, 6(2), 365-373. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1059392
AMA Özkamçı H, Karadenızlı Zİ, Zileli R. A Comparison of Left and Right Leg Static Balance Parameters in Young Handball Players. JBACHS. May 2022;6(2):365-373. doi:10.30621/jbachs.1059392
Chicago Özkamçı, Hüseyin, Zeynep İnci Karadenızlı, and Raif Zileli. “A Comparison of Left and Right Leg Static Balance Parameters in Young Handball Players”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 6, no. 2 (May 2022): 365-73. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1059392.
EndNote Özkamçı H, Karadenızlı Zİ, Zileli R (May 1, 2022) A Comparison of Left and Right Leg Static Balance Parameters in Young Handball Players. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 6 2 365–373.
IEEE H. Özkamçı, Z. İ. Karadenızlı, and R. Zileli, “A Comparison of Left and Right Leg Static Balance Parameters in Young Handball Players”, JBACHS, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 365–373, 2022, doi: 10.30621/jbachs.1059392.
ISNAD Özkamçı, Hüseyin et al. “A Comparison of Left and Right Leg Static Balance Parameters in Young Handball Players”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 6/2 (May 2022), 365-373. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1059392.
JAMA Özkamçı H, Karadenızlı Zİ, Zileli R. A Comparison of Left and Right Leg Static Balance Parameters in Young Handball Players. JBACHS. 2022;6:365–373.
MLA Özkamçı, Hüseyin et al. “A Comparison of Left and Right Leg Static Balance Parameters in Young Handball Players”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, vol. 6, no. 2, 2022, pp. 365-73, doi:10.30621/jbachs.1059392.
Vancouver Özkamçı H, Karadenızlı Zİ, Zileli R. A Comparison of Left and Right Leg Static Balance Parameters in Young Handball Players. JBACHS. 2022;6(2):365-73.