Research Article
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Effects of Stress on Emotional Eating Behavior in Children

Year 2024, Volume: 17 Issue: 1, 47 - 58, 15.01.2024

Hatice Başkale Ümran Demiral

https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.1161234

Abstract

Background: When children start eating to suppress emotions such as anxiety, this can result in emotional eating.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of stress on emotional eating behavior in chil¬dren.

Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study’s sample consisted of 291 students in the 5th and 6th grades. Data were collected using the Sociodemographic Information Form, Emotional Eating Scale for Children and Adolescents, and Perceived Stress Scale for Children (8-11 Years). One-way analysis of variance, Pear¬son correlation analysis, and regression analysis used in the data analysis.

Results: The mean age of the children was 10.50±0.50, 58.1% of them were girls, their average height was 143.56±7.88, their weight was 37.30±7.64, and their body mass index was 18.01±2.86. It was determined that a statistically significant and positive relationship between the Perceived Stress Scale in Children and Anxiety-Anger-Frustration Sub-Dimension (r=.183, p<.05), between Depressive Symptoms Sub-Dimension (r=.142, p<.05) and Emotional Eating Scale for Children and Adolescents (r= .173, p<.05). The study found that stress had a statistically significant effect on emotional eating (t=2.979, p<.05). It appears that 3% of the change in emotional eating is explained (Adjusted R2=.030). A 1-unit increase in stress causes an increase of .442 (β=.442) on emotional eating.

Conclusion: The results of this study show that children exhibit emotional eating behavior. Therefore, it is thought that school nurses providing stress management training to children who experience stress by scan-ning for stress can reduce the effect of emotional eating.

Keywords

Child Emotional Eating Stress

References

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  • Bennett, J., Greene, G., ve Schwartz-Barcott, D. (2013). Perceptions of emotional eating behavior: A qualitative study of college students. Appetite, 60, 187-192. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2012.09.023
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  • Derks, I. P., Sijbrands, E. J., Wake, M., Qureshi, F., Van der Ende, J., Hillegers, M. H., ve Jansen, P. W. (2018). Eating behavior and body composition across childhood: A prospective cohort study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 15(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0725-x
  • Echeverri-Alvarado, B., Pickett, S., ve Gildner, D. (2020). A model of post-traumatic stress symptoms on binge eating through emotion regulation difficulties and emotional eating. Appetite, 150, 104659. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. appet.2020.104659
  • Ek, A., Nordin, K., Nyström, C. D., Sandvik, P., Eli, K., ve Nowicka, P. (2020). Responding positively to “children who like to eat”: Parents’ experiences of skills-based 57 treatment for childhood obesity. Appetite, 145, 104488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.104488
  • Ek, A., Vásquez‐Barquero, M. Y., Sandvik, P., Eli, K., Somaraki, M., ve Nowicka, P. (2021). The role of parental depression during early childhood obesity treatment— Secondary findings from a randomized controlled trial. Pediatric Obesity, 16(6), e12754. https://doi.org/10.1111/ ijpo.12754
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  • Herle, M., Fildes, A., ve Llewellyn, C. H. (2018). Emotional eating is learned not inherited in children, regardless of obesity risk. Pediatric Obesity, 13(10), 628-631. https:// doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12428
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  • Konttinen, H. (2020). Emotional eating and obesity in adults: The role of depression, sleep and genes. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 79, 283–289. https://doi. org/10.1017/S0029665120000166
  • Kumar, A., Yadav, G., Chauhan, N., ve Bodat, S. (2019). Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among school going adolescents in Delhi: a cross sectional study. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 6(12), 5021-5026. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394- 6040.ijcmph20195177
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  • López-Cepero, A., Frisard, C., Bey, G., Lemon, S. C., ve Rosal, M. C. (2020). Association between food insecurity and emotional eating in Latinos and the mediating role of perceived stress. Public Health Nutrition, 23(4), 642-648. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980019002878
  • Macht, M. (2008). How emotions affect eating: A five-way model. Appetite, 50, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. appet.2007.07.002
  • Messerli-Bürgy, N., Stülb, K., Kakebeeke, T. H., Arhab, A., Zysset, A. E., Leeger-Aschmann, C. S, ve Munsch, S. (2018). Emotional eating is related with temperament but not with stress biomarkers in preschool children. Appetite, 120, 256-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.08.032
  • Moreno, L. A., Pigeot, I., ve Ahrens, W. (2011). Epidemiology of obesity in children and adolescents. New York: Springer58
  • Moss, R. H., Conner, M., ve O’Connor, D. B. (2021). Exploring the effects of positive and negative emotions on eating behaviours in children and young adults. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 26(4), 457-466. https:// doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1761553
  • Nguyen-Rodriguez, S. T., Chou, C. P., Unger, J. B, ve Spruijt-Metz, D. (2008). BMI as a moderator of perceived stress and emotional eating in adolescents. Eating Behaviors, 9(2), 238-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. eatbeh.2007.09.001
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Çocuklarda Stresin Duygusal Yeme Davranışına Etkisi

Year 2024, Volume: 17 Issue: 1, 47 - 58, 15.01.2024

Hatice Başkale Ümran Demiral

https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.1161234

Abstract

Giriş: Çocuklar anksiyete gibi duyguları bastırmak için yemeye başlandığında bu durum duygusal yeme ile sonuçlanabilir.

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı çocuklarda stresin duygusal yeme davranışına etkisini belirlemektir.

Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı kesitsel çalışmanın örneklemini 5. ve 6. Sınıfta öğrenim gören 291 öğrenci oluştur-muştur. Veriler Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Çocuk ve Adölesanlar için Duygusal Yeme Ölçeği ve Ço-cuklarda (8-11 Yaş) Algılanan Stres Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tek yönlü varyans analizi, pearson korelasyon analizi ve regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Çocukların yaş ortalaması 10.50±0.50, %58.1’i kız, boylarının ortalaması 143.56±7.88, kilola-rının ortalaması 37.30±7.64 ve beden kitle indekslerinin ortalaması 18.01±2.86’dır. Çocuklarda Algılanan Stres Ölçeği ile Kaygı-Öfke-Hayal Kırıklığı Alt Boyutu arasında (r=.183, p<.05), Depresif Belirtiler Alt Boyutu arasında (r=.142, p<.05) ve Çocuk ve Adölesanlar İçin Duygusal Yeme Ölçeği arasında (r=.173, p<.05) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif yönde bir ilişki olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırmada stresin duygu¬sal yeme (t=2.979, p<.05) üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Duygusal yeme üzerindeki değişimin %3’ünü açıkladığı görülmektedir (Düzenlenmiş R2=.030). Stresteki 1 birimlik artış, duygusal yeme üzerindeki .442’lik artışa (β=.442) neden olmaktadır.

Sonuç: Bu çalışmadaki sonuçlar çocukların duygusal yeme davranışı sergilediklerini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle okul hemşirelerinin stres taraması yaparak stres yaşayan çocuklara stres yönetimi eğitimi vermesinin duygusal yemenin etkisini azaltabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Çocuk Duygusal Yeme Stres

References

  • Bektaş, M., Bektaş, I., Selekoğlu, Y., Kudubes, A. A., Altan, S. S., ve Ayar, D. (2016). Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Emotional Eating Scale for children and adolescents. Eating Behaviors, 22, 217-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.06.021
  • Bennett, J., Greene, G., ve Schwartz-Barcott, D. (2013). Perceptions of emotional eating behavior: A qualitative study of college students. Appetite, 60, 187-192. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2012.09.023
  • Boswell, N., Byrne, R., ve Davies, P. S. W. (2018). Eating behavior traits associated with demographic variables and implications for obesity outcomes in early childhood. Appetite, 120, 482-490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. appet.2017.10.012
  • Braden, A., Emley, E., Watford, T., Anderson, L., ve Musher-Eizenman, D. (2020). Self-reported emotional eating is not related to greater food intake: Results from two laboratory studies. Psychology Health, 35(4), 500- 517. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2019.1649406
  • Coker Ross, C. (2016). The emotional eating workbook: A proven-effective, step-by-step guide to end your battle with food and satisfy your soul, Canada:New Harbinger Publications
  • Derks, I. P., Sijbrands, E. J., Wake, M., Qureshi, F., Van der Ende, J., Hillegers, M. H., ve Jansen, P. W. (2018). Eating behavior and body composition across childhood: A prospective cohort study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 15(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0725-x
  • Echeverri-Alvarado, B., Pickett, S., ve Gildner, D. (2020). A model of post-traumatic stress symptoms on binge eating through emotion regulation difficulties and emotional eating. Appetite, 150, 104659. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. appet.2020.104659
  • Ek, A., Nordin, K., Nyström, C. D., Sandvik, P., Eli, K., ve Nowicka, P. (2020). Responding positively to “children who like to eat”: Parents’ experiences of skills-based 57 treatment for childhood obesity. Appetite, 145, 104488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.104488
  • Ek, A., Vásquez‐Barquero, M. Y., Sandvik, P., Eli, K., Somaraki, M., ve Nowicka, P. (2021). The role of parental depression during early childhood obesity treatment— Secondary findings from a randomized controlled trial. Pediatric Obesity, 16(6), e12754. https://doi.org/10.1111/ ijpo.12754
  • Ekim, A., ve Ocakci, A. F. (2021). Emotional eating: Really hungry or just angry? Journal of Child Health Care, 25(4): 562–572. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367493520967831
  • Gallo, L. A., Gallo, T. F., Young, S. L., Moritz, K. M., ve Akison, L. K. (2020). The impact of isolation measures due to COVID-19 on energy intake and physical activity levels in Australian university students. Nutrients, 12(6), 1865. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061865
  • Gouveia, M. J., Canavarro, M. C., ve Moreira, H. (2019). How can mindful parenting be related to emotional eating and overeating in childhood and adolescence? The mediating role of parenting stress and parental child-feeding practices. Appetite, 138, 102-114. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.03.021
  • Herle, M., Fildes, A., ve Llewellyn, C. H. (2018). Emotional eating is learned not inherited in children, regardless of obesity risk. Pediatric Obesity, 13(10), 628-631. https:// doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12428
  • Hill, D. C., Moss, R. H., Sykes-Muskett, B., Conner, M., ve O’Connor, D. B. (2018). Stress and eating behaviors in children and adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Appetite, 123, 14–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. appet.2017.11.109
  • Hsu, T., ve Raposa, E. B. (2021). Effects of stress on eating behaviours in adolescents: a daily diary investigation. Psychology Health, 36(2), 236-251. https://doi.org/10.10 80/08870446.2020.1766041
  • Jalo, E., Konttinen, H., Vepsäläinen, H., Chaput, J.-P., Hu, G., Maher, C… Fogelholm, M. (2019). Emotional eating, health behaviours, and obesity in children: A 12-country cross-sectional study. Nutrients, 11, 351. https://doi. org/10.3390/nu11020351
  • Jansen, E., Thapaliya, G., Aghababian, A., Sadler, J., Smith, K., ve Carnell S. (2021). Parental stress, food parenting practices and child snack intake during the COVID-19 pandemic. Appetite, 161, 105119. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105119
  • Jáuregui-Lobera, I., ve Montes-Martínez, M. (2020). Emotional eating and obesity. Jáuregui-Lobera, I. (Der.), Psychosomatic Medicine içinde (ss. 1-8). London: Psychosom Med IntechOpen
  • Işgın, K., Pekmez, C. T., Kabasakal, A., Demirel, Z. B., Besler, H. T., ve Çetin, C. (2014). Adölesanlarda duygusal yeme, kontrolsüz yeme ve bilişsel yeme kısıtlaması davranışları ile vücut bileşimi arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 42(2), 125- 131.
  • Kemp, E., Bui, M., ve Grier, S. (2011). Eating their feelings: Examining emotional eating in at-risk groups in the United States. Journal of Consumer Policy, 34, 211– 229. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10603-010-9149-y
  • Kininmonth, A. R., Smith, A. D., Llewellyn, C. H., ve Fildes, A. (2020). Socioeconomic status and changes in appetite from toddlerhood to early childhood. Appetite, 146, 104517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.104517
  • Konttinen, H. (2020). Emotional eating and obesity in adults: The role of depression, sleep and genes. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 79, 283–289. https://doi. org/10.1017/S0029665120000166
  • Kumar, A., Yadav, G., Chauhan, N., ve Bodat, S. (2019). Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among school going adolescents in Delhi: a cross sectional study. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 6(12), 5021-5026. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394- 6040.ijcmph20195177
  • Limbers, C. A., ve Summers, A. (2021). Emotional Eating and Weight Status in Adolescents: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 991. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph18030991
  • López-Cepero, A., Frisard, C., Bey, G., Lemon, S. C., ve Rosal, M. C. (2020). Association between food insecurity and emotional eating in Latinos and the mediating role of perceived stress. Public Health Nutrition, 23(4), 642-648. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980019002878
  • Macht, M. (2008). How emotions affect eating: A five-way model. Appetite, 50, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. appet.2007.07.002
  • Messerli-Bürgy, N., Stülb, K., Kakebeeke, T. H., Arhab, A., Zysset, A. E., Leeger-Aschmann, C. S, ve Munsch, S. (2018). Emotional eating is related with temperament but not with stress biomarkers in preschool children. Appetite, 120, 256-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.08.032
  • Moreno, L. A., Pigeot, I., ve Ahrens, W. (2011). Epidemiology of obesity in children and adolescents. New York: Springer58
  • Moss, R. H., Conner, M., ve O’Connor, D. B. (2021). Exploring the effects of positive and negative emotions on eating behaviours in children and young adults. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 26(4), 457-466. https:// doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1761553
  • Nguyen-Rodriguez, S. T., Chou, C. P., Unger, J. B, ve Spruijt-Metz, D. (2008). BMI as a moderator of perceived stress and emotional eating in adolescents. Eating Behaviors, 9(2), 238-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. eatbeh.2007.09.001
  • Nguyen-Rodriguez, S. T, Unger, J. B., ve Spruijt-Metz, D. (2009). Psychological determinants of emotional eating in adolescence. Eating Disorders, 17(3), 211-224. https://doi. org/10.1080/10640260902848543
  • Oral, T., ve Ersan, C. (2017). Çocuklarda (8-11 yaş) Algılanan Stres Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlama çalışması. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 37, 419- 428. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.328629
  • Power, T. G., Hidalgo-Mendez, J., Fisher, J. O., O’Connor, T. M., Micheli, N., ve Hughes, S. O. (2020). Obesity risk in Hispanic children: Bidirectional associations between child eating behavior and child weight status over time. Eating Behaviors, 36, 101366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. eatbeh.2020.101366
  • Ramadhani, N., ve Mahmudiono, T. (2021). Academic stress is associated with emotional eating behavior among adolescent. Media Gizi Indonesia, 16(1), 38-47. https:// doi.org/10.204736/mgi.v16i1. 38–47
  • Roy, S., Bandyopadhyay, S., Bandyopadhyay, L., Dasgupta, A., Paul, B., ve Mandal, S. (2020). Nutritional status and eating behavior of children: A study among primary school children in a rural area of West Bengal. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 9(2), 844– 849. 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_965_19
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Nursing (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hatice Başkale 0000-0003-4811-2098

Ümran Demiral 0000-0003-0574-0270

Early Pub Date January 16, 2024
Publication Date January 15, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 17 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Başkale, H., & Demiral, Ü. (2024). Çocuklarda Stresin Duygusal Yeme Davranışına Etkisi. Etkili Hemşirelik Dergisi, 17(1), 47-58. https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.1161234
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