Fotoğrafçı Olarak Çocuklar: Çocukların Düşüncelerini Yansıtmak İçin Bir Araç Olarak Fotoğraf Çekme

Ayşegül Ergül

doi:10.47479/ihead.1480818

EN TR

Children as Photographers: Photography as A Tool to Reflect Children's Thoughts

Abstract

Individual or group interviews with children should be an important part of assessment studies to ensure the active participation of children at every stage of educational activities. In these interviews, children should be able to reveal their thoughts and/or skills in a detailed and descriptive way using different methods. The main purpose of this study was to examine children's feelings and thoughts using the photo-voice method. In this research, a case study design, qualitative research method, and interview method were used, and document analysis was performed. Ten children attending a preschool class participated in this study. Among the results of the study, it is noteworthy that the children immediately adapted to the process of taking photos with the camera and willingly explained the photos they took. Children preferred to take pictures of outdoor spaces, and the living and non-living elements in these spaces. It is recommended that children take photos for specific purposes or freely and share these images with other people in a planned and systematic manner at all stages of educational activities. It seems useful to include the photographs taken by children in their portfolios. For this, photographic studies that show developmental progress, taken for certain purposes and repeated at regular intervals, should be carried out.

Keywords

Fotoğrafçı Olarak Çocuklar: Çocukların Düşüncelerini Yansıtmak İçin Bir Araç Olarak Fotoğraf Çekme

Öz

Eğitim etkinliklerinin her aşamasına çocukların etkin katılımının sağlanabilmesi kapsamında, çocuklarla bireysel veya grupça gerçekleştirilecek görüşmelerin değerlendirme çalışmalarının önemli bir parçası olması gerektiği düşünülmektedir. Bu görüşmelerde, farklı yöntemlerden yararlanılarak çocukların düşünce ve/veya becerilerini ayrıntılı ve açıklayıcı biçimde ortaya koyabilmeleri sağlanmalıdır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, foto-ses yöntemi aracılığıyla çocukların duygu ve düşüncelerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması deseninden yararlanılmış, görüşme yöntemi kullanılmış ve doküman analizi yapılmıştır. Okul öncesi eğitim sınıfına devam eden 10 çocuk çalışmaya katılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları arasında, çocukların fotoğraf makinesi ile fotoğraf çekme sürecine hemen uyum sağlamaları ve çektikleri fotoğrafları istekle açıklamaları dikkati çekmektedir. Çocuklar dış ortamları, bu ortamlarda bulunan canlı ve cansız unsurların fotoğraflarını çekmeyi daha çok tercih etmiştir. Çocukların belirli amaçlarla veya serbest olarak fotoğraf çekmesine ve bu görselleri diğer insanlarla paylaşmasına, eğitim etkinliklerinin bütün aşamalarında planlı ve sistemli bir şekilde yer verilmesi önerilmektedir. Çocukların çektikleri fotoğrafların portfolyolar kapsamına alınması oldukça yararlı görülmektedir. Bunun için gelişimsel ilerlemeyi gösteren, belli amaçlarla çekilmiş ve belirli aralıklarla tekrarlanan fotoğraflama çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

References

Aksan, A. N., & Kutluca, A. Y. (2021). Investigation of preschool teachers' use of technology in teaching in terms of technology self-efficacy levels. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 29(3), 611-626. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.738068
Alaca, B., Rocca, C., & Maggi, S. (2016). Understanding communities through the eyes and voices of children. Early Child Development and Care, 187(7), 1095-1113. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2016.1155567
Allmark, P., Stevenson, K., & Stotzer, T. (2017). Having a voice and being heard: Photography and children’s communication through photovoice. In F. Martin & S. Jarvis (Eds.), Refereed proceedings of ANZCA2017 (Australian and New Zealand Communications Association Conference). Sydney: University of Sydney. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/ecuworkspost2013/5056/
Almqvist, A. L., & Almqvist, L. (2015). Making oneself heard: Children’s experiences of empowerment in Swedish preschools. Early Child Development and Care, 185(4): 578–593. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2014.940931
Ayataç, H. ve Genç, Z. P. (2015). Çocuk gözüyle Esenler. Herkes için Dost Kentler İstanbul Esenler İlçesi Üzerine Değerlendirmeler. Esenler Belediyesi, Şehir Düşünce Merkezi Şehir Yayınları. H. Ayataç (Ed.). Yayın No: 10, 18-57. ISBN: 978-605-9917-07-0 https://esenler.bel.tr/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/herkes-icin-dost-kentler.pdf
Bakar, K. A., Yunus, F., Mohamed, S., & Karim, A. A. (2020). Addition concept through the lenses of young children: Creating visual representation with digital cameras. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 16 (6). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/7950
Bakar, K. A. (2021). Learning and practising to use digital cameras in early childhood classrooms. Creative Education, 12(6), 1323-1332. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2021.126100
Balmer, C., Griffiths, F. and Dunn, J. (2015). A Review of the issues and challenges involved in using participant produced photographs in nursing research. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 71(7), 1726–1737. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12627

Barker, J., and Smith, F. (2012). “What’s in focus? A Critical discussion of photography, children and young people.” International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 15(2); 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2012.649406
Beaty, J. J. (2018). Erken Çocuklukta Gözlem ve Değerlendirme. M. Boz. (Çev. Ed.). Anı Yayıncılık.
Bell, K., & Cartmel, J. (2019). Creating a vocabulary about school-age childcare using photography. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 18, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1609406918811488
Bourke, J. (2017). Children’s experiences of their everyday walks through a complex urban landscape of belonging. Children’s Geographies, 15 (1), 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2016.1192582
Britsch, S. (2019). Exploring science visually: Science and photography with pre-kindergarten children. Journal of Early Childhood Literacy, 19(1), 55-81. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468798417700704
Byrnes, J., & Wasik, B. A. (2009). Picture this: Using photography as a learning tool in early childhood classrooms. Childhood Education, 85(4), 243-248. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468798417700704
Cappello, M., & Lafferty, K. E. (2015). The roles of photography for developing literacy across the disciplines. The Reading Teacher, 69(3), 287-295. https://doi.org/10.1002/trtr.1418
Collier, D. R. (2019). Re-Imagining research partnerships: Thinking through "Co-Research" and ethical practice with children and youth. Studies in Social Justice, 13(1), 40-58. https://doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v13i1.1926
Creswell, J. W. (2022). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri. M. Bütün & S. B. Demir (Çev. Ed.). Siyasal Yayınevi.
DeMarie, D., & Ethridge, E. A. (2006). Children's images of preschool: The power of photography. Young Children, 61(1), 101-104. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42729883
Dennis, B., & Huf, C. (2020). Ethnographic research in childhood institutions: Participations and entanglements. Ethnography and Education, 15 (4): 445–461. https://doi.org/10.1080/17457823.2020.1722951
Dermata, K. (2023). Dermata, K. (2023). “The Photographer of the Day”: Using a Digital Camera in Preschool Classroom. In J. Lee, W. Huang, X. Chen, F. Rodrigues, L. Okan, S. Beene, C. HuilcapiCollantes (Eds.), Connecting & Sharing: The Book of Selected Readings 2023 (pp. 78-87). International Visual Literacy Association. https://doi.org/10.52917/ivlatbsr.2023.015
Dockett, S., Main, S., & Kelly, L. (2011). Consulting young children: Experiences from a museum. Visitor Studies, 14(1), 13-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/10645578.2011.557626
Doğan, İ. T., & Kavgaoğlu, D. (2020). Okul öncesinde fotoğrafçılık: Bir atölye tasarımı uygulaması. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, (11), 178-201. https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.701667
Eichen, L., Hackl‐Wimmer, S., Eglmaier, M. T. W., Lackner, H. K., Paechter, M., Rettenbacher, K., Rominger, C. & Walter‐Laager, C. (2021). Families' digital media use: Intentions, rules and activities. British Journal of Educational Technology, 52(6), 2162-2177. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13161
Einarsdottir, J. (2005). Playschool in pictures: Children’s photographs as a research method. Early Child Development and Care, 175(6), 523-541. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430500131320
Eisen, I., Cunningham, B. J., & Campbell, W. (2019). Conducting participatory photography with children with disabilities: a literature review. Disability and Rehabilitation, 41(16), 1943-1954. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2018.1457089
Eskelinen, K., & Salo, U. M. (2022). Writing and theorising with photographs taken by children. Ethnography and Education, 17(2), 142-159. https://doi.org/10.1080/17457823.2022.2039258
Eskidemir Meral, S., Tutkun Yaşar, F. ve Gül Yıldırımoğlu, L.Ş. (2023). Çocukların gözünden doğa. EDUCATIONE, 2(1), 34-53. https://doi.org/10.58650/educatione.1277089
Fasoli, L. (2003). Reading photographs of young children: Looking at practices. Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood, 4(1), 32–47. https://doi.org/10.2304/ciec.2003.4.1.5
Friedman, A. (2016). The three-year-old photographers: Educational and parental mediation as a basis for visual literacy via digital photography in early childhood. Education’s Journal of Media Literacy Education, 8(1), 15 – 31. https://doi.org/10.23860/jmle-8-1-2
Hannaway, D. M., & Steyn, M. G. (2017). Teachers’ experiences of technology-based teaching and learning in the foundation phase. Early Child Development and Care, 187(11), 1745-1759. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2016.1186669
Izumi-Taylor, S., Ito, Y., & Krisell, M. (2016). American and Japanese kindergartners’ views of play through the use of photo elicitation interviews (PEIs). Research in Comparative and International Education, 11(3), 322-333. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745499916663379
Johnson, G. A., Pfister, A. E., & Vindrola‐Padros, C. (2012). Drawings, photos, and performances: Using visual methods with children. Visual Anthropology Review, 28(2), 164-178. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-7458.2012.01122.x
Jorgenson, J. and Sullivan, T. (2010). Accessing children’s perspectives through participatory photo interviews. Forum Qualitative Social Research, 11(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-11.1.447
Joubert, I. (2012). Children as photographers: Life experiences and the right to be listened to. South African Journal of Education, 32(4), 449-464. https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v32n4a677
Kalessopoulou, D. (2017). Capturing the untold: Photography as a tool for empowering children to interpret their embodied experiences in museums. Journal of Visual Literacy, 36(3-4), 164-183. https://doi.org/10.1080/1051144X.2017.1408206
Kellock, A., & Lawthom, R. (2011). Sen’s capability approach: Children and well-being explored through the use of photography. In Children and the Capability Approach. (pp. 137-161). Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230308374_6
Kervin, L., & Mantei, J. (2016). Digital storytelling: capturing children's participation in preschool activities. Issues in Educational Research, 26(2), 225-240. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.133037859009145
Kind, S. (2013). Lively entanglements: The doings, movements and enactments of photography. Global Studies of Childhood, (3), 427–441. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/gsch.2013.3.4.427
Kıral, B. (2020). Nitel bir veri analizi yöntemi olarak doküman analizi. Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8(15), 170-189.
Lee, C., & McConnell, C. (2017). Children as photographers: Joyful exploration. New Zealand International Research in Early Childhood Education, 20(1), 69-80. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.675257322622765
Liebenberg, L. (2018). Thinking critically about photovoice: Achieving empowerment and social change. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 17(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406918757631
Lumia, C. M., Arbour-Nicitopoulos, K. P., Moola, F. J., & McPherson, A. C. (2021). Using photo-elicitation to explore health promotion concepts with children and adolescents with disabilities: a rapid scoping review. Disability and Rehabilitation, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2021.1945690
Luo, W., Berson, I. R., Berson, M. J., & Park, S. (2022). An exploration of early childhood teachers’ technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge (TPACK) in mainland China. Early Education and Development, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2022.2079887
Magnusson, L., O. (2018). Photographic agency and agency of photographs: Three-year-olds and digital cameras. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 43(3); 34–42. https://doi.org/10.23965/AJEC.43.3.04
Matsui, G. (2020). Using a Photo Projective Method to listen to children’s perspectives about improving kindergarten environments. IJEC, 52, 281–297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13158-020-00279-z
Mcafee, O. & Leong, D. J. (2012). Erken Çocukluk Döneminde Gelişim ve Öğrenmenin Değerlendirilmesi ve Desteklenmesi. B. Ekinci (Çev. Ed.). Nobel Yayıncılık.
Merriam, S. B. (2015). Nitel Araştırma: Desen ve Uygulama İçin Bir Rehber. S. Turan (Çev. Ed.). Nobel Yayıncılık.
Morrison, G.S. (2021). Günümüzde Erken Çocukluk Eğitimi. S Sönmez (14. basımdan Çeviri Ed.). Ankara, Nobel Yayıncılık.
Pain, H. (2012). A literature review to evaluate the choice and use of visual methods. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 11 (4): 303–319. https://doi.org/10.1177/160940691201100401
Park, J. H., & Park, M. (2021). Smartphone use patterns and problematic smartphone use among preschool children. PLoS ONE, 16(3), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244276
Patton, M. Q. (2018). Nitel Araştırma ve Değerlendirme Yöntemleri. M. Bütün &S.B. Deir (Çev. Ed.). Pegem Akademi.
Ponizovsky-Bergelson, Y., Dayan, Y., Wahle, N., & Roer-Strier, D. (2019). A qualitative interview with young children: What encourages or inhibits young children’s participation? International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 18, https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406919840516
Prosser, J. & Burke, C. (2008). Image-based educational research: Childlike perspective. In: Handbook of the Arts in Qualitative Research: Perspectives, Methodologies, Examples, and Issues. Knowles, G. and Cole, A. (Eds.), Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE, pp. 407–421. https://doi.org/10.36510/learnland.v4i2.399
Pyle, A. (2013). Engaging young children in research through photo elicitation. Early Child Development and Care, 183(11), 1544-1558. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2012.733944
Richards, R. D. (2019). Young children’s photography within collaborative research. In Ilene, R. B., Michael, J. B., & Colette, G. (Eds.), Participatory Methodologies to Elevate Children’s Voice and Agency, (Vol. 1, pp. 317). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.
Rutherford. (2019). Is this photograph taken? The active (act of) collaboration with photography. Journal of Visual Art Practice, 18 (1), 37–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/14702029.2018.1488927
Semenec, P. (2018). Re-imagining research with children through an engagement with contemporary art. Childhood, 25(1), 63-77. https://doi.org/10.1177/0907568217718033
Share, J. (2015). Cameras in classrooms: Photography’s pedagogical potential. In Essentials of Teaching and Integrating Visual and Media Literacy. 97-118. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05837-5_5
Sharples, M., Davison, L., Thomas, G. V., & Rudman, P. D. (2003). Children as photographers: an analysis of children's photographic behaviour and intentions at three age levels. Visual Communication, 2(3), 303-330. 2, 303–330. https://doi.org/10.1177/14703572030023004
Shaw, P. A. (2021). Photo-elicitation and photo-voice: using visual methodological tools to engage with younger children’s voices about inclusion in education. International Journal of Research & Method in Education, 44(4), 337-351. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743727x.2020.1755248
Spencer, G., Fairbrother, H., & Thompson, J. (2020). Privileges of power: Authenticity, representation and the “problem” of children’s voices in qualitative health research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 19, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406920958597
Templeton, T. N. (2021). Whose story is it? Thinking through early childhood with young children’s photographs. Occasional Paper Series, (45), Article 8. https://doi.org/10.58295/2375-3668.1391
Waight, E. (2020). Photovoice: Using photovoice to explore students’ study practices. In H. Kara & S. Khoo (Eds.), Researching in the age of COVID-19, Creativity and Ethics, 3 (176–190). Policy Press. epub. https://doi.org/10.56687/9781447360438-012
Wang, C., & Burris, M. A. (1994). Empowerment through photo novella: Portraits of participation. Health Education Quarterly, 21(2), 171-186. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019819402100204
Wang, C., & Burris, M. A. (1997). Photovoice: Concept, methodology, and use for participatory needs assessment. Health Education & Behavior, 24(3), 369-387. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019819702400309
Woodgate, R., L., Zurba, M. & Tennent, P. (2017). Worth a thousand words? Advantages, challenges and opportunities in working with photovoice as a qualitative research method with youth and their families. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 18(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-18.1.2659
Wong, K. M. (2020). How do young children learn about photography? Journal of Education and Human Development, 9(1), 103-110. https://doi.org/10.15640/jehd.v9n1a10
Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2021). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. 12. Baskı. Seçkin Yayıncılık
Yoon, H. S., & Templeton, T. N. (2019). The practice of listening to children: The challenges of hearing children out in an adult-regulated world. Harvard Educational Review, 89(1), 55-173. https://doi.org/10.17763/1943-5045-89.1.55

Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Early Childhood Education

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Ayşegül Ergül ^*
0000-0002-5504-8349
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 25, 2024

Submission Date

May 8, 2024

Acceptance Date

September 18, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 2024 Volume: 9 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.47479/ihead.1480818

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA33PX48XE

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Ergül, A. (2024). Fotoğrafçı Olarak Çocuklar: Çocukların Düşüncelerini Yansıtmak İçin Bir Araç Olarak Fotoğraf Çekme. Ihlara Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(2), 186-198. https://doi.org/10.47479/ihead.1480818